Recovered cardboard bales arranged inside a modern industrial recycling warehouse

Application and process selection

Materials & Industrial Applications

Connect the verified material stream to a defensible process route.

This application overview maps common material groups to handling, processing and output considerations. Detailed characterisation methodology—including sampling, composition, density, moisture and variability—is maintained separately in the Material Atlas.

Application basis Material Stream → Condition → Required Output

Paper & Cardboard

OCC, mixed paper, carton-board trims and selected paper-rich streams. Moisture, coatings and contamination remain application inputs.
- Baling Review
- Sheet & Fibre
- Sorting Route
Review Application Basis
Plastics

PET, HDPE, PP, LDPE, film and rigid packaging. Polymer, format, cleanliness and downstream route must be separated.
- Baling Review
- Polymer Sorting
- Downstream Process
Review Plastic Baling
Metals

Ferrous and non-ferrous scrap, profiles, turnings and production off-cuts. Alloy, geometry and hazards define the review.
- Baling Review
- Geometry Review
- Alloy Sorting
Review Application Basis
MSW & Refuse

Municipal solid waste and RDF/SRF preparation streams require system-level separation, safety and residue planning.
- System Review
- Variable Stream
- Energy-Recovery Review
Review Application Basis
Textiles

Post-consumer textiles, production off-cuts, fibres and selected nonwovens require composition and downstream-route evidence.
- Baling Review
- Fibre Stream
- Sorting Route
Review Application Basis
Agricultural Residues & Biomass

Crop residues and selected biomass require source, moisture, storage condition and downstream-route evidence.
- Bulky Feed
- Size Reduction
- Energy-Recovery Review
Review Application Basis
Rubber & Tyres

Tyres, rubber scrap and reinforced elastomer products require reinforcement, contamination and downstream-route review.
- Reinforcement Review
- Size Reduction
- Recovery Route
Review Application Basis
Organic Waste

Food, green and agricultural residues. Stability, moisture, packaging contamination and collection conditions matter.
- Biological Process
- Composting Review
- Anaerobic Digestion
Review Application Basis
E-Waste

Electrical and electronic equipment and components. Selective treatment, batteries and hazardous parts must be defined first.
- Selective Treatment
- Hazard Review
- Material Recovery
Review Application Basis
Food & Beverage Packaging

Rigid and flexible packs, cans and composite containers. Product residues and the material mix must be documented.
- Sorting Review
- Mixed Formats
- Residue Control
Review Application Basis
Industrial Production Waste

Recurring off-cuts, rejects and packaging streams require a source inventory, segregation rules and a defined receiver route.
- Source Inventory
- Segregation Review
- Receiver Route
Review Application Basis
Wood & Pallet Waste

Pallets, recovered timber and production off-cuts require treatment-history, fastener, coating and moisture checks.
- Contaminant Review
- Size Reduction
- Recovery Route
Review Application Basis
Construction & Demolition Materials

Concrete, timber, metals, glass, gypsum and plastics require source separation and hazardous-fraction controls.
- Selective Demolition
- Hazard Review
- Recovery Route
Review Application Basis
Plastic Film & Flexible Packaging

Source, polymer construction, attachments, residue and receiver acceptance define collection and sorting for film and flexible packaging.
- Collection Route
- Flexible Construction
- Receiver Acceptance
Review Application Basis
EPS Packaging Foam

Clean packaging EPS requires verified identity, look-alike foam exclusion, contained storage and a confirmed densified-output receiver.
- EPS Verification
- Contained Storage
- Densification Review
Review Application Basis
Metal Packaging & Used Beverage Cans

Collection scheme, metal class, product residue and receiver rules define the controlled route for cans and other accepted metal packaging.
- Metal Grade Separation
- Residue Control
- Deposit-Return Interface
Review Application Basis
Retail & Distribution Packaging

Back-of-house segregation, reusable transport packaging, backhaul and receiver ownership shape multi-site packaging consolidation.
- Back-Of-House Segregation
- Transport Packaging
- Reverse-Logistics Boundary
Review Application Basis
Printing, Packaging & Converting Trim

Generation point, substrate, print chemistry, continuous or batch form, custody and receiver specification define the trim route.
- Continuous Trim
- Substrate Segregation
- Secure Custody
Review Application Basis
Dry Mixed Recyclables

Collection contract, supplier traceability, representative sampling, sorting and output quality control define the MRF process basis.
- Input Sampling
- Output Quality Control
- Conditional Baling
Review Application Basis
$Separated metal fractions moving through a controlled recovery facility$
End-of-Life Vehicles

Vehicle status, authorised custody, depollution, selective dismantling and documented fraction handoff must precede equipment review.
- Authorised Treatment
- Depollution First
- Selective Dismantling
Review Application Basis